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Oral Classes Online
(Week Fourteen)

http:// www.agu.ac.jp / ~vicks62 / jeffreyb / oral / Aweek14. html

This is a lesson for Blair's Oral English class at Aichi Gakuin University on:
Monday for the Jr. College Dept. on the Kusumoto Campus

1-minute Level Checks and Pattern Practice
Target Sentences and Review

English listening and background.

[Eng to Jpn] translate [Jpn to Eng]

Very Short Answers
to a Question

When someone ASKS you a question, you should ANSWER it immediately (Hit) ... before you ADD information (Run, run, run). If the answer is simple and COMES directly after the question, it can often be very, very short ... maybe just a noun phrase or an adjective. It DEPENDS on the part of the sentence (S, O/C, or +A) that the question word (Wh-) refers to. Let's LOOK at some examples:

4‹æ‰p‚Ì‹^–â•¶: The General Pattern
Wh-/o ‹æ m-S-V ‹æ O/C ‹æ +A ‹æ
Whatdid you see ___ ? 
Whodid you see ___ ? 
4‹æ‰p‚Ì‹^–â•¶: Special Pattern for BE “®ŽŒ
Wh-/c ‹æ V-S ‹æ O/C ‹æ +A ‹æ
What color is Hanako's backpack___ ? 
4‹æ‰p‚Ì‹^–â•¶: Special Pattern for ŽåŒê‚Ì‹^–⎌
Wh-/s ‹æ V ‹æ O/C ‹æ +A ‹æ
How many people atedinnerat Hanako's apartment?

SUPPOSE the question word (who) REFERS to the object in an SVO sentence ... I saw (someone). The question would be ... who (Wh-/o) did you see? Your answer would be very, very short ... just the names ... Debbie, Takuya, Su, Michiru, Shinko, and Misato. If you did NOT know (or had FORGOTTEN) the names, you could answer with a minimal noun phrase ... a teacher ... some students. You could, however, MAKE your answer more interesting by ADDING adjectives to PRODUCE a full noun phrasei1‹æ2‹æ3‹æj.

a teacher  =>  a young English teacher from America
some students  =>  some lazy high school students
a student  =>  a serious, hard-working student

If the question word is what, you can also ANSWER with minimal noun phrases (fun and easy) ... a lake ... a bus ... some seats ... OR full noun phrases (more interesting) ... , .

a lake  =>  a big clear blue lake
a bus  =>  a small clean mini-bus
some seats  =>  some comfortable brown seats

The more descriptive your noun phrase is, the more detailed the image in your mind will be. As you PRACTICE speaking, your brain will be able to MAKE a stronger association between the spoken word and the concrete image. This is how to BUILD confidence and fluency.

SUPPOSE the question word (what) REFERS only a part of a noun phrase ... Hanako's (what color) backpack ... (how many) people. The shortest answer possible is the adjective alone by itself ... black ... five. These short answers are, in fact, the same as the words and phrases in Haruna's first two steps of practice ... Step 1: minimal noun phrases and adjectives separately and Step 2: full noun phrases (with some adjectives inserted).

Short Answers with Verbs
or Verb Substitutes

A slightly longer (but still short) answer SUBSTITUES pronouns for S noun phrases AND auxillary verbs for verb clusters and the noun phrases (O, C, +A) that follow.

4‹æ‰p‚Ì‹^–â•¶: Special Pattern for BE “®ŽŒ
Wh-/c ‹æ V-S ‹æ O/C ‹æ +A ‹æ
What color is Hanako's backpack___ ? 
4‹æ‰p‚Ì‹^–â•¶: Special Pattern for ŽåŒê‚Ì‹^–⎌
Wh-/s ‹æ (m) V ‹æ O/C ‹æ +A ‹æ
How many people atedinnerat Hanako's apartment?
Who was stalking Hanako? 

black  =>  It (=Hanako's backpack) is black
five (people)  =>  Five people did (eat dinner there).
Kudo  =>  Kudo was (stalking her).

NOTICE that BE verbs in simple past or present tenses are NOT REPLACED by auxillary verbs. Yet all other verbs or verb clusters without an auxillary verb are REPLACED with a DO auxillary verb (did OR do).

Sometimes the verb itself is being questioned. (See the example below.) In that case, a Full Sentence answer is CALLED for. That answer will NOT USE the same verb (happen).

4‹æ‰p‚Ì‹^–â•¶: Special Pattern for ŽåŒê‚Ì‹^–⎌
Wh-/s ‹æ V ‹æ O/C ‹æ +A ‹æ
What happened?   

There was a traffic accident.
A car struck Takuya as he was trying to cross a road.


Level Check

Now LET'S CHECK your English Conversation skills on paper. TAKE OUT a sheet of paper size B5. WRITE the heading (Class, Group, Student number, and Full name). FOLD it into 4 columnsi4‹æj. Like a game of musical chairsiˆÖŽqŽæ‚è gamej... when the video STOPS you HAVE only one minute to WRITE each noun phrase, sentence, or question. You should be THINKING of these while you WATCH the video. Between level 6 and 7 you will GET an extra minute to THINK of your answer to the Wh- Question.


Speed

The most import thing during Group Discussions (3-Minute Routine) is to THINK quickly and to be loud and clear when you SPEAK. Your goal is to BECOME an English speaker, so BE one (NO Japanese). Do NOT be an English teacher (NO grammar explanations).

1st Minute 2nd Minute  3rd Minute
Think Listen Carefully  Write
Raise Žè  Speak clearly  Repeat
Speak  Imitate OR Improve  Divide 4‹æ

If there is time ... ((Demonstration/Practice with the whole class))

TAKE OUT a sheet of paper size B5. WRITE the heading (Class, Group, Student number, and Full name). FOLD it into 4 columnsi4‹æj.

We will WATCH successive a one-minute sections of a video (No Writing Allowed). Students THINK of a Conversation Starter (an isolated sentence) WHILE watching. As soon as each student is ready to SPEAK, they should RAISE their hands high in the air.

When the teacher PONTS to them (3-4 students), they LINE UP next to his desk with their papers in their hands.

When the teacher PAUSES the video. Each student in turn, will (a) HAND their paper to the teacher, (b) SAY their sentence, and (c) REPEAT it again and again ... while the teacher WRITES it down. All the other students (still sitting at their desks) will WRITE their sentences down (within one minute).

((GO through the procedure again and again.))


After the Level Check ... GO to your channels on Teams. One person will OPEN a new meeting. The others will JOIN that meeting. Then WRITE your first message: Your group's name ... and ... Week 14.

CHOOSE your Leader. Then WRITE your second message: the Leader's name.

Finally WRITE the plan in two messages:
(third message) Plan A: 3-Minute Routine and
(fourth message) Conversation Starter, then Level 6 (x4) - 7 (x1).

Each group will CHOOSE it's own scene from the assigned videos. WATCH the scene on your cellphone or tablet with the sound OFF. You will be DISCUSSING what happened, rather than what people said. You will HAVE a fresh image of the events in your head as you TALK about the scene.

TIME yourselves and TRY to KEEP the pace lively ... 3 minutes (English Only) for each sentence and 2 minutes (NO talking at all) for Thought Questions.


Time for You to Practice

During the Group Work Leaders should MAKE SURE that all students that are online KEEP their microphones ON (so that they can SPEAK) AND their cameras ON (so that they can SEE each other).

‰ï‹c Chat
 
Group X2@Week 14
Leader: Hanako
Plan A: 3-Minute Routine
Conversation Starter,
then Level 6-7 groups
 
((—é)): Somplace ... [8]
about 40-42 min
((ŽR)): Kobayashi was talking to Hanako in Hanako's ...
((‚)): ((Who else was there?))
((ˆÉ)): They were alone.
Now LET's GO to your channels on Teams to ENJOY some English practice in your discussion groups.
You NEED to CHOOSE a leader.

At the top of your report WRITE
(message #1) your group's name, "Week 14",
(message #2) the leader's name,
(message #3) Plan A: 3-Minute Routine, and
(message #4) Conversation Starter, then
Level 6-7 groups
.

Follow the 3-Minute Routine explained in Lesson 1 for each sentence (and question, perhaps). The sentences should be about one of the three assigned videos.

If you HAVE any questions about what you are supposed to be DOING, first DISCUSS the problem with your group, then ... if you are still in doubt, DO what you or your group THINK is right, (RAISE your hand if you're in the classroom) and SHOW it to the teacher (the PDS Cycle).

((Teams Recording OFF))
((confirm online attendance
with camera/microphone functions))


Last updated May 27, 2024
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These lessons are DESIGNED to HELP Japanese students
to LEARN to SPEAK English as a foreign language. They could
be REVERSE ENGINEERED to help English speakers learn to
speak Japanese as a foreign language.

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languages with other teachers. You can CLICK the link above
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