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Be (am, is, are)
also: |
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Ε· and
Noun Phrases
BE verbs can be USED in an SVC sentence to SHOW identity or membership in a group. The two noun phrases (the S phrase and the C phrase) must be similar entities. The C noun phrase, however, can be REDUCED to its adjective (a noun phrase without its noun).
| was => was being => had been
were => were being => had been |
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|---|---|---|---|
| S ζ | V ζ | O/C ζ | +A ζ |
| Hanako | is | your new friend. | |
| Her apartment | is | small. | |
| Ian's wife | was | pregnant. | |
| Here | is | your medicine. | |
| This | is | your medicine. | |
| These tablets | are | white. | |
| This | is | medicine | for your runny nose. |
| The white tablets | are | ___ | for your fever. |
| Adrenaline | is usually | very effective. | for anaphylactic shock. |
| ___ | |||
| ___ | |||
| 1 ζ | 2 ζ | 3 ζ | |
| your | new | friend | Hanako |
| her | small | apartment | |
| Ian's | pregnant | wife | |
| these | white | tablets | |
| ___ | |||
| ___ | |||
ι^έι and
Prepositional Phrases
BE verbs can be USED in an SV sentence to SHOW location.
| was => was being => had been
were => were being => had been |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| S ζ | V ζ | O/C ζ | +A ζ |
| Her university | is | in Tokyo. | |
| Hanako | was | at the store when ... |
|
| Some weird people | were | __ | at her door. |
| No toilet paper | was | __ | in the bathroom. |
| There | were | some weird people | at her door. |
| There | was | no toilet paper | in the bathroom. |
| ___ | |||
| ___ | |||
In a sentence with "there" as the false subjectiΌεκjthe real subject will APPEAR after the verb, in the O/C slot.